Аудирование

1. 
   One of the major concerns in the city is air pollution.
   
2. 
   The area is affected by the climate change.
   
3. 
   One of the major concerns in the modern world is waste.
   
4. 
   Cities will soon face housing problem.
   
5. 
   The modern world is afflicted by wars and conflicts.
   
6. 
   The city’s main environmental concern is water pollution.
   
7. 
   The city faces major traffic problems.
   

1) excited about the series.

2) bored with the series.

3) is concerned about the effect the series had on the teenagers.

Ответ:

4 How many teenagers took part in the TV show?

1) 30

3) 16

1) didn’t have to sleep at the school all the time.

2) stayed inside the school grounds all the time.

3) stayed in contact with their parents.

Ответ:

6 The uniform they had to wear wasn’t …

1) that bad.

2) unfashionable.

3) comfortable.

Ответ:

7 The students weren’t allowed …

1) to stay behind after classes.

2) to talk during the classes.

3) to talk to adults.

Ответ:

8 The children failed their exams because …

1) they weren’t intelligent enough.

2) they weren’t motivated enough.

3) they weren’t accustomed to this type of exams.

Ответ:

9 After the programme its participants learnt to appreciate …

1) the 1950’s lifestyle.

2) their current lifestyle.

3) challenges in their lives.

Mars is one of the planets in the solar system. It is the fourth planet from the Sun and orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 228 million km. Mars is named for the Roman god of war and is sometimes called the red planet A____________.

The most detailed information available about Mars has come from unpiloted spacecraft sent to the planet by the United States between 1964 and 1976. From this data, scientists have determined that the planet's atmosphere consists primarily of carbon dioxide, with small amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapour, and other gases. Daily temperatures can vary as much as 100 Celsius degrees B____________. The planet resembles a cold, high-altitude desert.

Mars is a relatively small planet, with about half the diameter of Earth and about one-tenth Earth's mass. The surface area of Mars is almost exactly the same C____________. Mars is believed to be about the same age as Earth.

The Martian day, D____________, is about a half an hour longer than an Earth day and is sometimes called a sol. Its year, E____________, is about two Earth years long. Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos which are named after the dogs of the Roman god Mars. Phobos orbits Mars once in less than one Martian day, F____________, usually twice each day. Deimos has the more ordinary habit of rising in the east and setting in the west.

1. that is the time it takes Mars to rotate once on its axis

2. so it appears to rise in the west and set in the east

3. because it makes up a great distance

4. because it appears fiery red in Earth's night sky

5. or the time it takes to revolve once around the Sun

6. because the atmosphere is extremely thin

7. as the surface area of the dry land on Earth

Ответ:

There was a time when deaf people couldn't experience the joy of a theatrical performance. This is all changing, thanks to Sign Language theatre interpreters.

Deaf people should enjoy a play as much as the hearing audience. This is the thinking behind the Americans with Disabilities Act, which requires that theatres become accessible to deaf people. Theatre producers, on the other hand, are beginning to realise that such a feature makes their product attractive to a wider audience – with considerable financial rewards.

Interpreted theatre usually takes place at two or three performances in a theatre season. Preference for tickets is given to the deaf and their guests, but tickets are also sold to hearing people who are interested in seeing theatre interpreters at work.

It is a colossal project for the interpreters. Ian Cox works for SeeTheatre, a Chicago-based association of interpreters. He says, "for about a month we work 25 with the support of a Sign Language consultant to translate and rehearse an entire play. The workload is immense. Consider that each actor in the play has about four weeks to rehearse his or her lines; we have to learn the whole play in as much time. And, when interpreting musicals, where timing, rhythm and harmonies must be practiced, the workload doubles."

The most important technical aspect of theatre interpretation for the deaf is the location of the interpreter. Placement strategies can be categorised into three styles: 'placed', where interpreters are located outside the acting space and do not move; 'zoned', where interpreters are within the acting space, but usually move only during a change of scene or act; and, finally, 'shadowed', where interpreters move freely within the acting space, shadowing the movement of the actors for whom they are interpreting.

The 'placed' style of interpreting in the theatre is by far the most common. The interpreters are side-by-side and face the audience (although some interpreters interact with each other as appropriate). The location of the interpreter is generally in one of three places: stage right or stage left, or on the floor of the house.

The 'zoned' style of interpreter placement is a happy medium between the 'placed' and 'shadowed' styles. Here, interpreters are placed side-by-side within the acting space. Usually, they change position on stage from scene to scene - or from act to act - in order to be within the same 'zone' as the majority of the action. Zone placement makes it easier for the deaf patron to see the interpreters and actors at the same time.

The 'shadowed' style of interpreting is the most inclusive style of interpreting for the theatre. It involves placing the interpreters directly within the action - nearly making them 'sign language actors'. The interpreters are 'blocked' into each scene, and literally shadow the actors. The advantage of this is clear: the interpreter is in such close proximity to the actor that the deaf patron need not make a decision about whom to watch -he or she can watch both at the same time. In the best of cases, the deaf patron mentally blends the interpreter with the actor, and forgets that the actor does not sign.

Theatre interpreters for the deaf are dedicated professionals who take great pride in their work. "Theatre," says Ian, "is the art of communicating beautiful ideas in interesting ways. Interpreted theatre, therefore, is an art in itself. Thankfully, instead of seeing us as 'additions', producers nowadays think of interpreters for the deaf as a new avenue to creativity."

1. 
   deaf people were avoiding the theatre.
   
2. 
   theatres wanted to become more accessible.
   
3. 
   a new law made their presence compulsory.
   
4. 
   producers wanted a way to attract audiences.
   

1. 
   They are the most popular performances of the season.
   
2. 
   They are even better than standard performances.
   
3. 
   They give a better understanding of the play.
   
4. 
   They offer a chance to admire the work of interpreters.
   

1. 
   the 'zoned' style
   
2. 
   the 'zoned' and the 'shadowed' styles
   
3. 
   the 'placed' and the 'shadowed' styles
   
4. 
   the 'shadowed' style
   

1. 
   It combines elements from the two other styles.
   
2. 
   It is mostly used in light-hearted plays.
   
3. 
   It allows the interpreters to mix with the actors.
   
4. 
   It makes the interpreter's job easier.
   

1. 
   the advantages of the 'shadowed' style
   
2. 
   the position of the interpreters
   
3. 
   the action in a performance
   
4. 
   the placement of the actors
   

1. 
   They appreciate the work of interpreters.
   
2. 
   They think interpreters are expensive.
   
3. 
   They see interpreters as a necessary evil.
   
4. 
   They don't respect interpreters.
   

1. 
   To inspire interest in the topic.
   
2. 
   To advertise interpreted theatre.
   
3. 
   To show the variety in modern theatre.
   
4. 
   To criticise the altitude of theatre directors.
   

Do you think computer games are just for kids? Then you (32) ..... think again. You might be surprised to learn that the games industry now makes more money than Hollywood. (33) ..... a family buys a new PC, all they really want to do is to play games.

It is hardly surprising that video gaming has become one of the most popular (34) ..... of entertainment today. A good game is like a good film; it will hold your (35) ...... capture your imagination and play with your emotions.

The big difference, however, is that watching a movie is a passive pastime. You have no say in how the plot (36) ..... or which characters dominate the story. With computer games, you direct the action and that is what makes them so exciting. Finding the right game is likely to signal the beginning of a lasting love affair with the interactive (37) ..... of make-believe.

Write a letter to Nancy.

In your letter

• 
  answer her questions
  
• 
  ask 3 questions about her holiday plans.
  

Remember the rules of letter writing.

Write 200–250 words.

• 
  make an introduction (state the problem)
  
• 
  express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
  
• 
  express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
  
• 
  explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
  
• 
  make a conclusion restating your position