Учебное пособие по обучению устной речи для студентов факультета заочного обучения

БЕЛАРУСЬ

Имени Ф.СКОРИНЫ

УЧЕБНОЕ ПОСОБИЕ

ПО ОБУЧЕНИЮ УСТНОЙ РЕЧИ

Для студентов факультета заочного обучения

Гомель, 2006

Авторы-составители: Л.С. Васильева,

В.И. Кошевенко, Ж.В. Малиновская,

Н.В. Новикова, Т.М. Познякова, С.А.Потёмкина,

Т.В. Смолова, Т.Р. Сурменкова

к.п.н. И.К. Жилина

Рекомендовано к изданию научно-методическим советом

Гомельского госуниверситета имени Ф.Скорины

Целью пособия является развитие навыков устной речи по темам, предусмотренным программой по английскому языку для заочного обучения.

Пособие состоит из двух частей. В первую часть включены тексты устных тем и упражнения к ним. Каждая тема снабжена тематическим словарём и системой предтекстовых и послетекстовых упражнений. Предтекстовые упражнения предназначены для снятия фонетических и лексических трудностей. Послетекстовые упражнения направлены на развитие навыков подготовленной речи.

Во вторую часть пособия включён материал страноведческого характера, представляющий собой несложные тексты для чтения и обсуждения.

Пособие может использоваться как для работы на практических занятиях так и для самостоятельной работы.

Содержание

Oral topics

2. Our University..............................................

3. Great Britain..............................................................

4. History is My Future Speciality.....................................

5. Legal Profession...........................................................

6. Philology is My Future Profession.................................

7.Geography........................................................................
Part II

Material for Reading and Discussion

2. North, South, East, West................................................

3. London.............................................................

4. Edinburgh.......................................................................

5. Oxford............................................................................

6. Family Life...................................................................

7. Festivals.......................................................................

8. Schools..........................................................................

9. Universities...................................................................

About Myself

I’m Svetlana Aleksandrova. I was born on the 29^th of March in 1980 in Rechitsa but in 1985 we moved to Gomel as my father got a job here. At the age of 6 I went to school number 22 in Gomel. I was quite good at school. My favourite subjects were Russian, Geography and History, but I didn’t do very well in physics or chemistry. I left school in 1996. Since September 1998 I’ve been a student of the Philological department at Gomel State University named after F. Skorina. I’m doing a correspondence course, it means that I have to combine work and study (I work as a teacher in a school). It’s not easy to have a full-time job and to study, but I’m really enjoying my course at the university and I like my job, too.

The things I like doing most are watching TV and reading, I’m also fond of listening to music. I’m a sociable person so I have a lot of friends. I spend a lot of time with them, we watch video together or listen to music, sometimes we go to the theatre or they come to my place and we just chat. I’m not married and still live with my parents.

My father’s name is Vladimir. He works as an engineer at a big plant. I think my father is quite handsome. He is tall and broad-shouldered. His dark hair is just beginning to go grey. He’s a clever man but a little unpractical. Though he is always busy he helps my mother about the house.

My mother’s name is Irina. She’s a tall good-looking woman of 46 but she doesn’t look her age. She has a kind face and when you meet her the first thing you notice is her smile – she has a very charming smile. As to her character, she is kind and gentle, warm-hearted and tactful. My mother is a housewife, she does all the housework and helps my elder brother bring up his sons. My mother’s hobbies are knitting and reading books. She’s also very good at cooking.

My elder brother, Alexei, is married and has his own family – a wife and two children, so he doesn’t live with us. But we often see each other and we still celebrate all the holidays together.

I think I’m a happy person. I have a loving family and a lot of friends, an interesting job and a lot of hobbies.

A: married, mother, son, younger, sister, grandmother, nephew, wife.

B: husband, daughter, single, father, brother, niece, grandfather, elder.
II. Remember the following words:

to do a correspondence course, to combine work and study, a full-time job, a part-time job, to enjoy a course, a sociable person.

I want to tell you about my sister Helen. Helen is 39 … … . She teaches German at … . She likes her … very much. Helen is … . Her husband’s name is Robert. Helen and Robert have 2 … : a son and a daughter. Their daughter’s name is Jane. She is 8. Jane is a … girl. She has a lot of friends. Helen’s son Mike is 18. He is a first-year … at the Medical Institute. Mike is a good son and a good brother. He … his parents about the house and … his younger sister.

be fond of / be interested in

model: I like classical music. – I am fond of classical music.

I am interested in classical music.

1) Roger likes fishing. 2) Do you like gardening? 3) Does your daughter like reading? 4) My father doesn’t like travelling. 5) Do you like collecting coins?

be good at

model: Mike can skate well. – Mike is good at skating.

1) Robert plays chess very well. 2) Mary can swim well. 3) Do you cook well? 4) Can you ski well? 5) Does Peter know maths well?

V. Read the text. Mark the sentences as True or False. Correct the false sentences.

1. Svetlana doesn’t like her studies because it’s too difficult to combine work and study.

2. The girl has a lot of friends.

3. Svetlana has a large family.

4. Her mother goes out to work.

5. Svetlana often sees her brother because they live together.

a) appearance

b) character and personality
VII. Reproduce the sentences from the text where the following words are used:

to move, to do a correspondence course, a full-time job, to chat, a handsome man, to look one’s age, to bring up.

1. How old is she?

2. What’s her job?

3. How long has Svetlana been a university student?

4. Is it easy for her to study at university? Why (not)?

5. Does she have a family of her own?

6. What does she like doing in her free time?

7. What does her father look like?

8. Is he a good family man?

9. Where does Svetlana’s mother work?

10. Is she a good-looking woman?

11. Is Svetlana an only child?

12. Is she a happy person? Why (not)?
IX. Say what you have learned about Svetlana using the following plan:

a) Her childhood.

b) Her work and study.

c) Her hobbies.

d) Her father.

e) Her mother.

f) Her brother.
X. Answer the questions in ex. VIII about yourself.

XI. Tell about

1) your childhood

2) your family

3) your work

4) your studies

5) your hobbies

Our University

academic, biology, club, comfortable, course, department, drama, ecology, economics, economist, engineer, examination, group, history, instruction, junior, lecture, mathematics, method, modern, philosophy, physics, practical, qualify, seminar, specialization, sport, tourist.

in the area of language teaching. The university offers programmes in subject areas including ecology, geology and etc.

curriculum – учебная программа

Some schools in England specialize in one or more subjects outside the basic curriculum. The curriculum in grammar school include English language, English literature, modern languages and etc.

evaluate – оценивать

The school has been open for six months, so it's too early to evaluate its success.

found – основывать

When were the first English universities founded?

graduate – выпускник

The graduates of our university work in various branches of our industry and economy.

name – называть

They named their baby son John.

pastime – времяпровождение, развлечение

Reading is her favourite pastime.

qualify – квалифицировать, давать квалификацию

This test will qualify you to fly an airplane.

research – исследование

Research workers are examining the problem.

science – наука

Science plays an important role in our life.

society – общество

a medical society, a literary society, a drama society, students' scientific society

spacious – просторный

We have a spacious reading hall in our building.

The departments of our university qualify their graduates as teachers, engineers, economists, lawyers and research workers.

The university has five comfortable and well-equipped buildings with spacious classrooms, labs, reading-halls and well-stocked libraries.

The curriculum of junior years includes courses for general knowledge: Philosophy, History of Belarus, a foreign language and sport. Specialization begins in senior years. The methods of instruction include lectures, seminars and practical classes.

The academic year has two terms: the autumn term and the spring term. Each term ends with a set of examinations and credit tests. Students' knowledge is evaluated through term papers and oral and written tests.

All students can spend their time in many interesting and useful ways. There is a choir, a tourists' club, groups of modern and folk dance, a drama society and lots of sport societies, so everyone can find a pastime to their liking.

a place of education at the highest level;

an organization of people with similar interests;

a person who has completed a course at a college, university, etc.;

a course of study at university, etc.;

a group of people who sing together;

something done to pass one's time in a pleasant way;

studies such as literature, languages, history.

to check up, up-to-date, semester, different, to establish, spare, field, receive, faculty, teaching.

Gomel university is … .

The buildings are … .

The classrooms are … .

The libraries are … .

The tests are both … and … .

There are groups of … and … dance.
VII. Вставьте вместо точек подходящие по смыслу слова.

1) The a_ _ _ _ _ _ _ year is divided into two t_ _ _ _. 2) The gr_ _ _ _ _ _ _ of our university work in v_ _ _ _ _ _ branches of our industry and economy. 3) By the time the students graduate, they have practical and theoretical k_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in their subject. 4) During the 1960s eight new universities were f_ _ _ _ _ _ in Great Britain. 5) An e_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is an important test. 6) I enjoyed doing experiments in our l_ _.

1. Gomel university is the largest in Belarus.

2. Gomel university was founded 25 years ago.

3. Our university qualities its graduates as teachers, engineers, economists and etc.

4. The university has three comfortable and well-equipped buildings.

5. Our students study Philosophy and History of Belarus in senior years.

6. Specialization begins in junior years.

7. The students have a set of examinations and credit tests twice a year.

8. There are oral and written tests.

9. Students' knowledge is evaluated only through term papers.

10. Our students have all opportunities to spend their free time.
IX. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1) When was our university founded? 2) In what subject areas can our students get education? 3) What professions do our graduates have? 4) How many buildings has our university? 5) Are they well-equipped? 6) What subjects does the curriculum of junior years include? 7) Do all students study a foreign language? 8) Does specialization begin in junior or senior years? 9) When do students have their examinations? 10) How is students' knowledge evaluated? 11) Are exams oral or written? 12) Do students have to write term papers? 13) What societies can our students join? 14) Are there any opportunities for our students to go in for sport?

1) The students of Gomel university can get education … . 2) The departments of our university qualify their graduates as … . 3) The university has five buildings with … . 4) The curriculum of junior years include … . 5) The methods of instruction include … . 6) The academic year has … . 7) Students' knowledge is evaluated through … . 8) There is a choir … .

XI. Расскажите о своем университете.

Great Britain

1. 
   Прочитайте и переведите следующие интернациональные слова:
   

2. 
   Переведите следующие производные:
   

3. 
   Переведите следующие предложения, догадайтесь о значении подчеркнутых слов.
   

4. 
   Заполните пропуски, необходимыми по смыслу словами, приведенными ниже.
   

1) The … of England as well as of Great Britain is London. 2) The British parliament has two … . 3) Queen Elizabeth II is the … of the state. 4) England is the most … populated part of the island. 5) The Scots and the Welsh still feel that they are separate … . 6) Queen Elizabeth I … in the 16 th century. 7) Scotland is a land of … . 8) The centre of England (the "Midlands") is an …, and you are never far from the sea. 10) The east … of Scotland is busy with oil rigs and fishing boats. 11) The … of the USA is different in every part of the country. 12) … is the real government of Britain.

5. 
   Read and translate the text.
   

Great Britain

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It is situated on the British Isles. Great Britain and Ireland and the largest islands and there are about five thousand small islands. The total area of the UK is about 244 thousand square kilometres.

The British Isles are separated from the European continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea. The surface of the British Isles varies very much. The north and west are mountaneous, but all the rest is a vast plain. The mountains are not very high. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest peak in Great Britain.

There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain but they are rather short. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one. The climate of the country is mild and damp and it is very good for agriculture.

Great Britain is not very rich in natural resources, it has some deposits of coal and iron ore and vast deposits of oil and gas that were discovered in the North Sea.

The UK is a highly developed industrial country. It is one of the world’s largest producers of machinery, electronics, textiles, aircraft and navigation equipment.

Great Britain is a densely populated country, its population is over 57 million. The four main nationalities are the English, the Irish, the Welsh and the Scots. The official language is English.

The UK is a constitutional monarchy, the Head of the State is the Queen. In practice the Queen reigns, but does not rule. The country is ruled by the elected government with the Prime Minister at the head. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The main political parties are the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal parties. The Labour Party is the ruling party nowadays.

The capital of Great Britain is London. It is situated on the river Thames. It is one of the largest cities and ports in the world.

6. 
   Найдите в тексте:
   

1) to be composed of; 2) a number of people living in a place; 3) a large stretch of flat land; 4) a state ruled by a king or queen; 5) a very high hill; 6) a person or company that produces goods.

wet, territory, seashore, plane, state, tongue, govern, chief.

7. 
   Воспроизведите предложения из текста, где встречаются следующие слова и выражения:
   

8. 
   Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
   

9. 
   Перефразируйте следующие предложения, используя текст.
   

10. 
    Расширьте следующие утверждения:
    

11. 
    Расскажите о Великобритании, используя следующий план:
    

History is my future speciality

I am a student of the Gomel State University named after F. Scorina. I am in the third year of the correspondence department of the faculty of History. Thus, my future profession is History. Future historians must be knowledgeable and competent in their field. That is why the university course comprises such subjects as World History, the History of the Middle Ages, Contemporary History, the History of Belarus as well as such applied subjects as Logics, Archaeology, Philosophy, Politics, foreign languages, computing and others.

I do my best to have a good command of all the subjects and to master my profession. I am especially interested in Contemporary History as this is an objective history of our times.

In two years my dream will come true, and I will graduate from the University with a degree in History we will work as teachers of History, archivists, archaeologists. Perhaps somebody will become a well-known politician. But we all are and will be united by our love for History. It is a very important subject. Without History we can’t understand our own country, our people. It makes us feel that the past was as real as the present. History not only studies and analyses the facts from the past, but helps understand and predict the events of the future. It is a well-known fact that people who don’t remember the past will have to go through it again. Thus, as you see, the importance of my favourite subject can’t be overestimated.

a student a historian, a subject, to analyse, analysis, objective, an archeologist, an archivist, a fact, a profession, competent, real, a sphere.

IV. Из приведенных производных одного слова найдите то, которое соответствует данному переводу.

history, historic, historian, historical – историк

knowledge, knowledgeable, knowing – умный, хорошо осведомленный

applied, application, apply – прикладной

computer, computing, computerization – информатика

political, politology, politician, policy – политик

estimate, underestimate, overestimate - переоценить

овладеть профессией

усвоить предмет

быть особенно заинтересованным

закончить университет

предсказать события

прикладные предметы

нельзя не переоценить

известный факт

университетский курс включает

мечта осуществиться
VI. Вставьте предлог и переведите предложение.

I am … the 3d year of the University.

Next year I will graduate … the Institute … a degree … History.

People who don’t remember the past will have to go … it again.

It is necessary to have a good command … the subject.

Our University is named … F. Scorina.

It is impossible to understand your country and people … knowing History.
VII. Угадайте слово по его дефиниции.

a person whose profession is History;

who deals in polities;

who works in the archive;

who studies archeology.
VIII. Найдите в тексте определения к приведенным ниже словам и переведите словосочетания на русский язык.

subject language

science fact

history people

1. History (предсказывает) the event of the future.

2. It is difficult to (переоценить) the importance of History.

3. The university course (включает) special applied subjects.

4. Soon my dream (осуществиться) and I will graduate from the University.

5. All teacher must be (компетентными) people.

6. We do our best to (овладеть профессией).

7. Historians are to (анализировать) и (изучать) the events of the past.

8. All the student of our faculty (объединены) by our love to History.
X. Найдите в тексте, где сказано о следующем:

the subjects that future historians study;

the aim of Contemporary History;

the professions of those who graduate from the History faculty;

what the students of this faculty have in common;

the aim of History;

why the importance of History can’t be overestimated.
XI. Найдите предложения, не соответствующие содержанию текста. Исправьте их.

Modern History studies the events of the Middle Ages.

Foreign Languages are taught at ous faculty. It is one of the applied subjects.

I am a third-year student.

Those who graduate from our faculty will work as teachers of History.

History helps understand that the past was as real as the present.

Some politicians have a degree in History.

My dream is to master the profession of an archeologist.

Future historians must be competent and knowledgeable in all spheres of life.
XII. Скажите, какой раздел истории ваш любимый предмет, почему? Используйте приведенную ниже модель и подходящие по смыслу словосочетания.

Model: I am especially interested in Ancient History as it describes the life of people who lived thousands year ago.

describes the events of the … centuries.

the difficult historic process of the development of the Russian state.

the life of our ancestors.

the main tendencies in the development of mankind.

XIII. Расширьте следующие высказывания:

I study at the Gomel Sate University.

The university course of History comprises many subjects.

Most students try their best to become knowledgeable and competent specialists in their field.

Those who graduate from our faculty work in different spheres of life.

History is very important.

Everybody knows the aim of the historical subject.
XIV. Составьте ситуации, используя приведенные слова и словосочетания:

to study, to be in the 3d year, to comprise, to have a good command of the subjects, to master one’s profession.

to comprise, special subjects, applied subjects, to be especially interested, to describe, to graduate with a degree.

to be overestimated, to be asreal as the past, to analyse, to pedict, to understand the events, to go through the past.

legal – юридический, правовой

law – закон

lawyer – юрист, адвокат

judge – судья

procurator – прокурор

investigator – следователь

notary – нотариус

human – человеческая судьба

activity – деятельность

aim – цель, намерение

to bring into accord (with) – приводить в соответствие (с)

crime – преступление

conduct – поведение

offender – преступник

to raise – поднимать

to prevent – предотвращать

responsible – ответственный

just- справедливый

guard – охрана, стража

graduate (n) – выпускник

to master (a language) – овладеть (языком)

whatever – какой бы ни
II. Прочитайте и переведите следующие слова и их производные.

difficult – difficulty;

create – creation – creative – creator;

stable – stability – stabilize – stabilization;

crime – criminal – criminality – criminalist;

educate – education – self-education – re-educate;

success – successful – successfully;

train ( ) – training (n) – trainer;

regular – regularly – regularity – regulate;

theatre – theatrical;

truth – truthful – truthless;

just – justice – injustice;

relation – interrelation.
III. Переведите следующие предложения, догадайтесь о значении подчеркнутых слов.

1.Whatever we may become – judges, procurators, investigators, notaries – we shall have to deal with human destinies.

2.The activities of the lawyers are aimed at bringing the conduct of the people into accord with the law.

3.They are in the forefront in the struggle against the criminal phenomena.

4.Mastering foreign languages also contributes a lot to general education.

5.Every year thousands of graduates from law institutes join those who stand on guard of public order.

6.I also want when I become a lawyer to make my contribution to the detence of the people against injustice.
IV. Заполните пропуски необходимыми по смыслу словами, приведенными ниже:

The legal profession is not an … one. 2. Sometimes because of its … it is compared with the profession of a doctor. 3. Lawyers work a lot for … of public order and stability. 4. This struggle consist not only in punishing but also in re-educating … . 5. Lawyers also do a lot to … crimes. 6. There is no need to say how … all that work is. 7. Large practice and constant … are necessary to become a good lawyer. 8, Each of us must constantly … the cultural level. 9. Besides, a lawyer is to be a person of high … qualities. 10. I have a deep respect for the lawyers and I am ... that I shall become one of them.

responsible, proud, easy, moral, creation, difficulty, self-education, offenders, raise, prevent.
V. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
The Legal Profession

My future profession is that of a lawyer. Lawyers are trained by law institutes and faculties and they work at different law offices – courts, Procurator’s offices, notary offices, The bar the organs of the Ministry of the Interior, etc.

The legal profession is not an easy one. Sometimes because of its difficulty it is compared with the profession of a doctor. What ever we may become – judges, procurators, investigators, notaries – we will have to deal with human destinies.

The activities of the lawyers are aimed at bringing the conduct of the people, their interrelations, their attitude towards the state and the public organizations into accord with the law. Lawyers work a lot for creation of public order and stability, for creation of the legal state. They are in the forefront in the struggle against the criminal phenomena. This struggle consists not only in punishing but also in re-educating offenders. Tremendous work is carried out by the lawyers in eliminating the causes of these phenomena. Lawyers also do a lot to prevent crimes.

There is no need to say how responsible all that work is. To carry it out successfully one needs a high general education level and good professional training. Each of us realizes that to become a lawyer one must arm oneself with great and concrete knowledge. And still after that it is impossible at once to become a good lawyer. Large practice and constant self-education are necessary. Each of us must constantly raise the cultural level. We must know classical and modern literature and art, regularly attend public lectures, theatrical performances, concerts, etc. Mastering foreign languages also contributes a lot to the general education and cultural advance.

Besides, a lawyers is, of course, to be a person of high moral qualities. He must strictly keep to the rules of the community, his conduct is to be irreproachable and he must be an example for other people. He is to be truthful, honest and just.

Every year thousands of graduates from law institutes and law faculties join those who stand on guard of the interests of the citizens and public order. I also want when I become a lawyer to make my contribution to the defence of the people against injustice and to the establishment of the stable, legal state. I have a deep respect for lawyers and I am proud that I will become one of them.

Примечания к тексту:

law office – юридическое учреждение

court – суд

procurator’s office – прокуратура

the bar – адвокатура

notary office – нотариальная контора

Ministry of the Interior – Министерство внутренних дел

attitude – отношение

to punish – наказывать, карать

to eliminate – 1) устранять; 2)уничтожать

tremendous – огромный

to arm oneself (with) – вооружаться

to realize – представлять себе, (ясно) понимать

to attend – посещать

advance – 1) продвижение вперед; 2) повышение, рост

irreproachable – безупречный

to keep to the rules – придерживаться правил; соблюдать нормы

phenomena - явления
VI. Определите, соответствуют ли следующие предложения содержанию текста.

Sometimes because of its difficulty the legal profession is compared with the profession of a doctor.

The activities of the lawyers are aimed at developing national economy.

Tremendous work is carried out by the lawyers in eliminating the causes of the criminal phenomena.

To work as a lawyer one doesn't need a high general education.

The cultural level of lawyers is not important.

A lawyer is to be a person of high moral qualities.
VII. Воспроизведите предложения из текста, где встречаются следующие выражения.

at different law offices;

human destinies;

to prevent crimes;

to arm oneself with;

to attend public lectures;

to keep to the rules.

VIII. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

Where do lawyers work?

Why is the legal profession difficult?

What can you say about the activities of the lawyers?

What does a lawyer need to be able to cope (справиться) with his responsible work?

What moral qualities must a lawyer possen?

Are you proud that you will become a lawyer?

IX. Расширьте следующие утверждения:

Lawyers work at different law offices.

The legal profession is not easy one.

The activities of the lawyers are aimed at bringing the conduct of th people. their interrelations into accord with the law.

To work successfully as a lawyer one needs a high general education level and good professional braining.

Besides, a lawyer is to be a person of high moral qualities.

Every year thousands of graduates from law institutes and law faculties join those who stand on guord of the public order.
X. Расскажите о своей будущей профессии, используя следующие слова и выражения.

my future profession; to be trained by; to work at; to deal with; human destinies; the activities of the lawyers; to bring into accord with; creation of public order; criminal phenomena; punishing and re-educating offenders; to prevent crimes; responsible work; good professional training; cultural level; moral qualities; irreproachable; graduates; to stand on guard; to make contribution to; defence; injustice; legal state.

PHILOLOGY IS MY FUTURE SPECIALITY

I. Догадайтесь о значении приведенных ниже интернациональных слов, уточните в словаре их произношение.

Belorussian, course, critic, culture, discussion, education, genre, interpretation, lexicology, linguist, literary, literature, manuscript, method, morphology, periodical, philology, phonology, poem, practice, professional, Russian, seminar, speciality, stylistics, syntax, test, theory, university.
II. Запомните следующие слова:

ancient – древний

convey- передавать

duty- долг

extra-mural - заочный

get ready for – готовиться

improve -улучшать

include – включать

keep pace with- идти в ногу

knowledge- знания

major in - специализироваться

origin - происхождение

skill - умение

standpoint- точка зрения

treat – трактовать, объяснять

value - ценность

various - различный

well-read - начитанный

well-spoken - красноречивый
III. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

PHILOLOGY IS MY FUTURE SPECIALITY

I am a student of the extra-mural department of Gomel State University and I major in Russian (Belorussian) language and literature, so I can say that my future speciality is philology. The term “ philology” is of Greek origin and means love for word. Nowadays philology is treated as a complex of sciences about language and literature. One of the main tasks of philology is interpretation and analysis of texts, that’s why we must develop our understanding of literature and language from the standpoints of the critic and linguist. The course of studies at our department includes various subjects, such as phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicology, stylistics and some other subjects. We study Russian, Belorussian and foreign literatures from the ancient time to the present, besides we have an opportunity of studying a wide variety of literary genres. As future teachers of literature we should be well-spoken and well-read, that’s why we spend a lot of time in the library studying articles and manuscripts, reading novels, short stories, poems and periodicals, getting ready for our seminars and discussions. In our fifth year we have teaching practice at schools where we can test theory against practice and develop teaching skills. But it is not enough to have a good knowledge of a subject, the teachers of literature should convey eternal values of literature, art and culture to their pupils. It is a professional duty of a teacher to improve his knowledge and teaching methods and work at his self-education in order to keep pace with time.

Прочтите предложения с ними.

знание

начитанный

специализироваться

учебная практика

интерпретация и анализ текстов

с точки зрения лингвиста

проверить теорию на практике

курс обучения

разнообразие литературных жанров

самообразование
V. Заполните таблицу:

Key-words: syntax, phonology, stylistics, morphology, lexicology

1. having a socially acceptable way of speaking, typical of educated people

2. the science of the nature of development of words, language or a particular language

3. written works which are of artistic value

4. the system of human expression by means of words in speech or writing

5. a word or expression used in a particular activity or profession

6. a branch of knowledge studied as part of one’s education

7. a piece of writing on a particular subject in a newspaper, magazine, etc.

8. a long written story dealing with invented people and events

9. a position from which things are seen and opinions formed

10. to make feelings, ideas, thoughts known

(term, article, language, well-spoken, convey, novel, subject, standpoint, philology, literature )

1. The term “philology” comes from the Latin language.

2. Philology is a complex of sciences about language, history and art.

3. The main task of philology is interpretation and analysis of texts.

4. Our students study only contemporary literature.

5. We have an opportunity of studying various literary genres.

6. Teaching practice is not included in the course of studies.

7. To have a good knowledge of the subject is quite enough for a teacher.

8. It is essential for a teacher to go on learning.
VIII. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What department do you study at?

2. What subjects do you major in?

3. What does the term “ philology” mean?

4. What are the tasks of Philology?

5. What subjects does the course of studies include?

6. What qualities should future teachers of literature have?

7. What is the aim of teaching practice at school?

8. What is the main task of a teacher of literature?

9. What is the professional duty of a teacher?

1.The term “philology” is a foreign one.

2. Pilology is a complex science.

3. We study literature from different standpoints.

4. The course of studies includes variuos subjects.

5. The students spend a lot of time in the libraries.

6. In the fifth year students have teaching practice.

7. It is not enough to have a good knowledge of a subject.

8. A teacher should always be ready to go on learning.
X. Расскажите о своей будущей профессии.
GEOGRAPHY

1. 
   Прочитайте и переведите следующие интернациональные слова:
   

2. 
   Запомните следующие слова. Переведите словосочетания и предложения на русский язык.
   

What is the area of this country? There are no lakes in this area.

branch – отрасль, ветвь

a branch of a tree, a branch of science, a branch of family, a branch railway.

describe – описывать; description - описание

The article deseribes the climatic conditions of Belarus.

There is a very good description of the country's landscape in the textbook.

environment – окружающая среда

Many people are concerned about the environment.

The factory pollutes the environment.

explore – исследовать; explorer – исследователь; exploration - исследование

They explored the northern part of the island.

J. Cook was a famous explorer.

I've read an article about Arctic exploration.

general – общий, всеобщий

general education, general election, general concern, general idea.

landscape - ландшафт

a city / urban landscape,

a country / rural landscape

mountain range – горная цепь

There are no high mountain ranges in Belarus.

The Pounine mountain range is the backbone of the isle of Great Britain.

natural – природный, естественный, натуральный

natural mineral wealth.

Try to look natural for you photo.

Tom is a natural musician.

ore – руда

metallic ores, copper ore, polymetallic ores.

plain – равнина

the great plains of the USA.

Our plane was flying across a vast plain.

plot – наносить на карту

plot the route of the expedition;

plot the position of the ship.

recreational – развлекательный, рекреационный

recreational facilities, recreational areas.

resources – ресурсы, запасы, (природные) богатства

mineral resources, scarce resources, vast resources.

regional – региональный

regional development, regional problems.

subterranean – подземный

subterranean waters / caves / rivers / lakes

timber – лесоматериалы, строевой лес

timber resources, timber processing.

vegetation – растительность

scarce vegetation, tropical vegetation.

I.Прочитайте и переведите текст

GEOGRAPHY

Geographers and travellers penetrated every corner of the Earth and plotted all the explored areas on geographical maps. Eventually very few unexplored places remained, and geography went over from fact gathering and description to the interpretation and explanation of the arrangement of things on the Earth's surface.

Modern geography makes a deep analysis of the relationship among the phenomena of nature and of the economic life of society. In studying these relationships, geographers make use of other branches of science such as physics, chemistry biology, geology, mathematics and social sciences.

The main emphasis in geographic research is now on studying the natural environment, the natural resources of specific areas and determining the most rational methods of utilizing them.

Discovery is still one of the fascinating aspects of this science. There are some blank spaces on the map of the world.

What vast natural resources every such blank space conceals! Mountain ranges abound in ore, valuable timber and swift mountain torrents, the potential source of energy; wide-stretching plains rich in forests, various kinds of minerals, rivers, lakes and subterranean waters and the ocean is rich in food fauna and minerals. To reveal the secrets of unexplored territories and water areas, to chart them on a map, to study nature's riches and place them at the service of mankind – such is the task of the geographic explorer.

Modern geography is a complex science having many interconnected branches. They are: physical geography, economic geography, social geography and cartography.

Physical geography includes landscape study, geomorphology, climatology, hydrology, soil geography and biogeography; economic and social geography include population geography, industrial geography, agricultural geography, geography of transport and service. Cartography is concerned with making up of all sorts of maps. On the boundary between physical and economic geography there have appeared some "marginal" branches of geography: political, historical, medical and recreational, geography.

3. 
   Найдите в тексте слова, определения которым даны ниже:
   

1. 
   a science that is concerned with the description of the Earth;
   
2. 
   a place on the Earth's surface that has not been explored and plotted on the map;
   
3. 
   a branch of geography that is concerned with making up maps;
   
4. 
   nature's riches that can be used by mankind;
   
5. 
   a person who explores nature;
   
6. 
   a group of mountains.
   

4. 
   Найдите в тексте слова и словосочетания, близкие по значению следующим словам и словосочетаниям:
   

5. 
   Найдите в тексте слова, противоположные по значению следующим словам:
   

6. 
   Найдите в тексте прилагательные, характеризующие следующие существительные:
   

7. 
   Составьте словосочетания из глаголов и существительных.
   

8. 
   Прочитайте и переведите следующие предложения. Найдите и исправьте те предложения, которые не соответствуют содержанию текста.
   

1. 
   The name "geography" means description of the weather;
   
2. 
   There are few unexplored areas on the Earth's surface;
   
3. 
   Geography makes use of other branches of science;
   
4. 
   Blank spaces conceal vast natural resources;
   
5. 
   The task of the geographer is to learn foreign languages;
   
6. 
   Cartography deals with all sorts of maps;
   
7. 
   Physical geography and climatology are marginal branches of geography;
   
8. 
   Regional geography studies the nature and resources of a specific area.
   

9. 
   Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
   

1. 
   What does the word geography mean?
   
2. 
   What did ancient geographers study?
   
3. 
   What does modern geography study?
   
4. 
   Is the study of the natural environment in the focus of attention of modern geographers?
   
5. 
   What is the most fascinating aspect of exploration?
   
6. 
   What are the tasks of the geographic explorer?
   
7. 
   Modern geography isn't a complex science, is it?
   
8. 
   Can you name the branches of modern geography?
   
9. 
   Where have the marginal branches of geography appeared?
   
10. 
    Does regional geography study global problems?
    

10. 
    Заполните следующую таблицу:
    

Расскажите о своей будущей специальности и той области географии, в которой вы хотели бы специализироваться.